Yangjing Shugan decoction targets the Sirt1/Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and gut microbiota-metabolite axis to protect against premature ovarian failure

TL;DR

This study shows that Yangjing Shugan decoction improves ovarian function in mice by boosting antioxidants and balancing gut microbes.

Contribution

The study reveals that YJSGD treats POF via the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway and gut microbiota-metabolite interactions.

Findings

YJSGD restored estrous cyclicity and normalized hormone levels in POF mice.

The treatment enhanced antioxidant capacity and reduced inflammation through the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway.

YJSGD improved gut microbiota balance and SCFA production, correcting metabolic disturbances.

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of Yangjing Shugan decoction (YJSGD) in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) mice and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

The main metabolites in YJSGD were characterized. A D-gal-induced POF mouse model was established and intervened with YJSGD at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg. A comprehensive analysis encompassing ovarian function, oxidative stress, inflammation, the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway, gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and serum metabolomics was conducted.

The results demonstrated that YJSGD effectively restored estrous cyclicity, normalized serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, and improved ovarian follicular development. YJSGD treatment also enhanced systemic antioxidant capacity and attenuated inflammation. Mechanistically, the therapeutic effects were associated with the upregulation of the Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway in the ovary, as evidenced by increased protein expression of Sirt1, Nrf2, and HO-1, and suppressed Keap1. Furthermore, YJSGD ameliorated gut microbiota dysbiosis, promoted beneficial SCFAs production, and rectified serum metabolic disturbances involved in amino acid, lipid, and energy metabolism.

The results indicate that YJSGD is a promising multi-target agent for POF treatment, and its synergistic effects on reproductive, oxidative, and gut microbiota homeostasis provide a solid basis for its clinical application.

A detailed infographic illustrating the effects of the YJSGD formulation on oxidative stress and microbial-metabolic regulation. The top left features YJSGD ingredients, including herbs like Shan Zhuyu and Dang Gui, with an LC-MS analysis graph below. On the right, there are graphs showing hormonal and biochemical changes in different test groups, and heat maps depicting gut microbiota correlations. Histological images display ovarian tissue improvements. The central diagram shows the use of a D-gal model on POF mice, with arrows indicating benefits through enhanced antioxidant responses and inhibited inflammation. The text emphasizes multi-target protection.

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