Extravasation of Intravenous Iron: Clinical Features and Therapeutic Considerations

TL;DR

This paper discusses three cases of skin discoloration from intravenous iron treatment and emphasizes the importance of prevention and proper management.

Contribution

The study presents real-world cases and highlights clinical strategies to prevent and manage iron extravasation.

Findings

Three patients experienced skin discoloration after ferric carboxymaltose infusion.

Two patients improved in anemia without additional treatment despite extravasation.

Preventive strategies and education are crucial for managing this adverse effect.

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia is a common condition that can be effectively treated with intravenous iron supplementation; however, extravasation during administration represents a relevant adverse effect. This case series presents three patients with varying underlying conditions who experienced iron extravasation following ferric carboxymaltose infusion. The extent and timing of skin discoloration varied, with some patients developing immediate discoloration and others noticing them several days postinfusion. Despite extravasation, two of the three patients demonstrated improvement in their anemia without additional treatment during follow‐up. This series highlights the need for preventive strategies, such as careful infusion techniques, patient education, and prompt action when extravasation occurs. Equally important, accurate documentation and continuing education for healthcare professionals are essential to ensure consistent recognition and management. Further studies are required to clarify the impact of extravasation on therapeutic efficacy and to optimize the balance between treatment benefits and potential risks.

Figures