Metformin use in gestational diabetes mellitus and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis on the risk of small for gestational age
Wenwen Zhang, Liwei Ren, Juan Du, Ruijia Sun, Wenqi Zhao, Xueqing Song, Shuo Jiang, Zhao Wang, Wenjuan Wang
TL;DR
This study finds that using metformin during pregnancy for gestational diabetes does not increase the risk of small babies.
Contribution
The study provides updated evidence that metformin use in gestational diabetes is not linked to higher small-for-gestational-age newborn rates.
Findings
Maternal metformin use was not significantly associated with increased small-for-gestational-age (SGA) risk in newborns.
Metformin showed lower SGA risk compared to diet modification therapy in some studies.
No significant differences in SGA risk were found between metformin and insulin or placebo groups.
Abstract
It remains unclear whether maternal metformin use in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns. A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to September 1, 2024. Nineteen studies (n = 115,192 participants), comprising randomized controlled trials and cohort studies, were included. Two evaluators independently assessed eligibility and bias risk. Maternal use of metformin for GDM was not significantly associated with SGA incidence in newborns (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.97–1.24, p = 0.14). No notable differences were observed compared to insulin-treated (n = 27,622, OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 0.91–1.73, p = 0.17) or placebo groups (n = 1,685, OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.80–2.32, p = 0.26). However, two studies (n = 554) indicated a lower SGA incidence with metformin than with diet…
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Taxonomy
TopicsGestational Diabetes Research and Management · Pancreatic function and diabetes · Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies