# Differences in Oxytocin Response Between a Group of Friends and a Group of Strangers Following Facilitated Drum Circle Activities

## TL;DR

Playing drums with friends increases oxytocin in children, suggesting preexisting relationships affect neuroendocrine responses to group activities.

## Contribution

This study explores how preexisting social bonds influence oxytocin responses during group drumming in children.

## Key findings

- Salivary oxytocin increased after drumming with friends but not with strangers.
- Cortisol levels remained unchanged in both groups.
- Preexisting social bonds may influence neuroendocrine responses to group activities.

## Abstract

Participation in arts‐related activities has been shown to positively influence the well‐being and social connectedness of young people. However, few studies have explored the neuroendocrinological changes that might contribute to these benefits. In this exploratory study, we assessed oxytocin (OT) and cortisol (CORT) responses in children experiencing facilitated drum circle activities for the first time. These activities involve imitation and coordinated movement, which are known to increase OT levels. Additionally, OT levels are associated with behavioral synchrony and affiliative behaviors in close preexisting relationships, with higher baseline levels observed in individuals who exhibit more affectionate and coordinated interactions. We hypothesized that children participating in facilitated drum circles with their friends would show higher levels of OT than those participating with strangers.

Elementary school girls were assigned to either a friends group (F‐group) or a strangers group (S‐group). Salivary samples were collected before and after the facilitated drum circle activities.

Salivary OT increased after the activity in the F‐group but not in the S‐group. Salivary CORT showed no statistical difference between or within groups.

Our current data suggest that participation in facilitated drum circles with friends may lead to an increase in OT levels in children, and that preexisting bonds may influence the neuroendocrinological response.

Elementary school girls participated in a facilitated drum circle with either friends or strangers. Participation with friends increased salivary oxytocin, whereas no increase occurred with strangers. Cortisol levels did not differ between groups. Preexisting social bonds may influence oxytocin responses during facilitated drum circle participation.