# Management of Conduit Stenosis and Iatrogenic Aortopulmonary Window Post-Ross Procedure

## TL;DR

A 23-year-old man required multiple surgeries after complications arose following a Ross procedure for a heart valve issue.

## Contribution

This case highlights the management of rare complications following a Ross procedure, including conduit stenosis and an iatrogenic aortopulmonary window.

## Key findings

- Pulmonary conduit stenosis was initially treated with high-pressure balloon dilatation.
- Recurrent stenosis and an iatrogenic aortopulmonary window required reoperation with homograft replacement and shunt repair.

## Abstract

This case report describes a 23-year-old male with a history of bicuspid aortic valve endocarditis managed with an emergency Ross procedure in 2020, whereby a xenograft pulmonary conduit prosthesis was implanted in the pulmonary position, followed by pulmonary conduit stenosis treated initially with high-pressure balloon dilatation 3 years later. The consequent diagnosis of iatrogenic aortopulmonary (AP) window, combined with severe recurrent pulmonary conduit stenosis, necessitated reoperation with right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery homograft replacement and repair of the AP shunt.