# Nutrition for Youth Athletes with ADHD: What We Know and Practical Applications

## TL;DR

This paper explores how nutrition can support youth athletes with ADHD, offering practical guidelines to improve performance and manage symptoms.

## Contribution

The paper provides practical sports nutrition guidelines tailored for youth athletes with ADHD, based on existing literature and principles.

## Key findings

- Optimizing energy intake and complex carbohydrates may support athletic performance and ADHD symptom management.
- Excessive added sugars and saturated fats are linked to poorer outcomes and ADHD symptom manifestation.
- Applying established sports nutrition principles to youth athletes with ADHD may enhance performance and reduce injury risk.

## Abstract

Over 10% of US children and adolescents have attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with a similar prevalence among youth athletes. While ADHD may confer certain athletic performance advantages such as heightened quickness, decision-making and periods of hyperfocus, it also poses some challenges including reduced concentration, frustration, and possible increased injury risk. Pharmacologic treatments, including stimulant-based medications, can improve attentiveness and athletic performance but could alter nutritional behaviors such as appetite suppression. This paper reviews the current literature on nutritional strategies to provide practical sports nutrition guidelines for children and adolescent athletes with ADHD. Evidence suggests that optimizing energy intake, emphasizing complex carbohydrates, improving fat quality intake, and consuming adequate amounts of micronutrients may support both athletic performance and ADHD symptom management. In contrast, excessive added sugars and saturated fats are associated with poorer outcomes and manifestation of ADHD symptoms. Although no research examining nutritional interventions in youth athletes with ADHD have been performed, applying established sports nutrition principles for youth athletes with ADHD offers a promising approach to enhance performance, reduce injury risk, and support the long-term health of the athlete.