# Formulation and Characterization of Hydrogel Chitosan–Pectin Active Films Containing Silymarin

## TL;DR

This study develops and tests chitosan-pectin hydrogel films with silymarin for wound healing, showing strong mechanical and antioxidant properties.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in formulating and characterizing silymarin-loaded chitosan-pectin films for potential wound dressing applications.

## Key findings

- Chitosan-based films showed the highest tensile strength (23.35 MPa for control and 22.01 MPa for silymarin-loaded).
- Films with silymarin exhibited over 20 times higher antioxidant activity compared to controls.
- The films demonstrated strong barrier properties to UV and visible light.

## Abstract

Silymarin—a standardized extract from the seeds of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn.)—is mainly used for the treatment of hepatitis and other liver diseases. In recent years, the attention of researchers has been directed to its use in dermatology and wound treatment. Despite the promising results, there are still many unresolved issues in this area. The aim of the present study is to develop and characterize hydrogel chitosan–pectin films containing silymarin as an active ingredient with potential medical application. Six variants of hydrogel films (control and silymarin-loaded) were obtained from chitosan and pectin solutions by the casting method and analyzed in terms of their physicochemical, structural, mechanical and optical properties, as well as the in vitro dissolution profile of silymarin. The highest tensile strength was measured for the chitosan-based films—23.35 ± 1.74 MPa (control) and 22.01 ± 2.67 MPa (silymarin-loaded), while the barrier properties to UV and visible light were the strongest for chitosan–pectin films with silymarin. The antioxidant potential of the films was determined by DPPH assay and it was found that the variants with silymarin have over 20 times higher antioxidant activity (from 2.020 ± 0.048 to 2.106 ± 0.190 mg TE/g) than the corresponding controls. The results showed that chitosan–pectin films with incorporated silymarin could find application as potential hydrogel dressings in the therapy of wounds and superficial burns.