# Central Line-Related Bloodstream Infection by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Following Probiotic Use in a Patient with Clostridioides difficile Colitis: A Case Report

## TL;DR

A patient with a central venous catheter and Clostridioides difficile colitis developed a rare bloodstream infection from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, likely linked to probiotic use.

## Contribution

This case highlights the rare but serious risk of S. cerevisiae bloodstream infection in immunocompromised patients using probiotics.

## Key findings

- A central line-related bloodstream infection by S. cerevisiae was observed in a patient with C. difficile colitis.
- Probiotic use may be associated with fungemia caused by S. cerevisiae in vulnerable patients.
- Catheter removal may improve prognosis in S. cerevisiae fungemia.

## Abstract

Clinical infections caused by Saccharomyces cerevisiae develop infrequently. We report a case of central line-related bloodstream infection caused by S. cerevisiae in a patient with Clostridioides difficile colitis and central venous catheter placement. The administration of probiotics in C. difficile colitis was associated with fungemia caused by S. cerevisiae. This case suggests the potential for serious infection caused by S. cerevisiae in immunocompromised patients with C. difficile colitis. Removal of the central venous catheter may be important for a better prognosis in fungemia caused by S. cerevisiae.