# Current Trends in Venous Thromboprophylaxis for Inpatient Care

## TL;DR

This review summarizes current strategies for preventing blood clots in hospitalized patients, focusing on risk assessment and tailored approaches.

## Contribution

The paper provides a critical synthesis of thromboprophylaxis strategies and evaluates risk models for guiding personalized care.

## Key findings

- Risk assessment models like Padua and IMPROVE help stratify VTE and bleeding risks in hospitalized patients.
- Tailored thromboprophylaxis strategies can optimize patient outcomes by balancing thrombosis and bleeding risks.
- Practical algorithms are proposed to guide thromboprophylaxis decisions across different clinical settings.

## Abstract

Thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients is a critical component of care aimed at preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE), a common and potentially fatal complication during hospitalization. The risk of VTE varies substantially across patient populations, influenced by the type of illness, including both surgical procedures and medical comorbidities, and requires individualized assessment. At the same time, the implementation of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis must carefully balance the risk of thrombosis against the potential for bleeding. Commonly used risk assessment models, such as the Padua and IMPROVE scores, can help clinicians stratify patients according to their individual risk of VTE and bleeding complications. The aim of the present review is to provide a structured synthesis of the current evidence on thromboprophylaxis strategies in hospitalized patients, critically appraise the performance and applicability of existing VTE and bleeding risk models and highlight how these tools can guide a tailored illness-specific approach to prophylactic decision-making. Where relevant, the review also outlines practical, risk-adapted algorithms to optimize thromboprophylaxis across diverse clinical settings.