# Effect of Dietary Capsaicinoids Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Colon Microbiota in Weaned Piglets

## TL;DR

This study shows that adding capsaicinoids to piglet diets improves digestion, metabolism, and gut health, with the best results at a lower dose.

## Contribution

The study introduces encapsulated capsaicinoids as a dietary supplement that enhances intestinal health and lipid metabolism in weaned piglets.

## Key findings

- Capsaicinoids improved lipid metabolism and fat digestibility in piglets.
- The 200 mg/kg dose of capsaicinoids showed the most significant positive effects on intestinal development and microbiota.
- Supplementation increased antioxidant activity and altered gut microbiota composition.

## Abstract

This study investigated the effects of encapsulated capsaicinoids (CAPs), containing 0.47% capsaicin and 0.22% dihydrocapsaicin, on growth, serum parameters, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal health in weaned piglets. A total of 168 piglets were randomly assigned to four groups: a basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 200 (LDC), 400 (MDC), or 600 (HDC) mg/kg of CAPs. The results indicated that CAPs improved lipid metabolism, evidenced by higher crude fat digestibility in the LDC and MDC groups and reduced serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in all CAP groups compared to the control. Glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly higher in the MDC and HDC groups. Histological analysis showed reduced hepatic vacuolation, enlarged fungiform papillae with shallower taste pores in the tongue epithelium, and deeper ileal crypts in the LDC group. At the molecular level, ZO-1 expression in the ileum was significantly upregulated in LDC piglets. Colonic microbiota analysis revealed decreased relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut, while Butyricicoccus was significantly enriched in the LDC group. In conclusion, CAPs supplementation enhanced fat digestibility, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, intestinal development, and colonic microbiota composition, with the 200 mg/kg dose showing the most pronounced effects.