# Development of an Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Nursing Program Involving Patients with Respiratory Infections

## TL;DR

A virtual reality nursing program was developed and found to be feasible and well-received by students for clinical training.

## Contribution

A novel immersive VR nursing program was developed and evaluated for clinical education feasibility.

## Key findings

- Expert evaluation showed acceptable content validity with a mean score of 6.54 out of 7.
- Learners reported high immersion (42.28/50) and satisfaction (13.48/15).
- Preliminary results suggest the VR program is a feasible supplementary practicum tool.

## Abstract

This study aimed to develop an immersive virtual reality (VR) program and conduct preliminary evaluation of its feasibility and learner perception for enhancing nursing students’ clinical practicum education. The VR program was designed using the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) and implemented on the UNITY 3D platform. Expert evaluation was conducted through a VR application, and its effectiveness was further assessed among 25 fourth-year nursing students in terms of immersion, presence, and satisfaction. The expert evaluation yielded a mean score of 6.54 out of 7, indicating acceptable content validity. Among learners, evaluation demonstrated immersion at 42.28 ± 2.37 out of 50 (95% CI: 41.30–43.26), presence at 81.36 ± 7.32 out of 95 (95% CI: 78.34–84.38), and satisfaction at 13.48 ± 1.26 out of 15 (95% CI: 12.96–14.00). Overall, the developed VR program demonstrated acceptable expert validity and positive learner perceptions. These preliminary findings suggest feasibility as a supplementary practicum. However, the single-group design without control comparison and reliance on self-reported measures preclude conclusions about educational effectiveness.