# Unilateral Pulmonary Fibrosis Secondary to Unilateral Absence of the Pulmonary Artery With Concomitant Lung Cancer: A Case Report

## TL;DR

A rare case of lung cancer and lung scarring on one side of the lung due to missing blood vessels is reported.

## Contribution

This case report highlights the rare association between unilateral pulmonary artery absence, fibrosis, and lung cancer.

## Key findings

- Unilateral pulmonary fibrosis can result from congenital absence of the pulmonary artery.
- Lung cancer can occur alongside unilateral pulmonary artery absence and fibrosis.
- Contrasted CT chest is the gold standard for diagnosing unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery.

## Abstract

The finding of unilateral pulmonary fibrosis secondary to unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery is a rare condition. The association with lung cancer, both ipsilateral or contralateral, is ever rarer. Unilateral pulmonary fibrosis can be caused by proximal interruption of the pulmonary artery (congenital absence of pulmonary artery), among other causes. Diagnostic modalities for the diagnosis of unilateral absence of pulmonary artery include chest X-ray, computed tomography, echocardiogram, MRI, and aortogram, with contrasted CT chest being the gold standard. Clinical presentations are variable. Treatment includes the treatment of recurrent infections, hemoptysis, pulmonary hypertension, and possibly re-anastomosis. We present the case of a 69-year-old man with unilateral (left-sided) pulmonary fibrosis secondary to unilateral absence of the left pulmonary artery with concomitant lung cancer. This case highlights the association between unilateral pulmonary fibrosis caused by the absence of a unilateral pulmonary artery and the occurrence of lung cancer.