This paper is marked retracted in the scholarly record (OpenAlex). Interpret its findings with caution.
Retraction: Arctigenin inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer through epithelial-mesenchymal transition via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway

Abstract
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TopicsPlant-derived Lignans Synthesis and Bioactivity · Magnolia and Illicium research · Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
Following the publication of this article [1], concerns were raised regarding Figs 3, 4, and 6–8. Specifically:
Furthermore, PLOS noted that details on the solvent used for arctigenin and critical controls were not included for the reported in vitro and in vivo experiments where the effect of arctigenin was evaluated.
The corresponding author, PF, stated that errors were made when the image data were uploaded.
In light of the extent of the above unresolved concerns that question the reliability and integrity of the results presented in [1], the PLOS One Editors retract this article.
Since the publication of [1], Reference 5 [4] has been retracted [5].
PF responded but expressed neither agreement nor disagreement with the editorial decision. XFC, PGL, NS, XSL, RKH, and LXZ either did not respond directly or could not be reached.
The reference list from the paper itself. Each links out to its DOI / PubMed record.
- 1Chen X-F, Liu P-G, Sheng N, Li X-S, Hu R-K, Zhu L-X, et al. RETRACTED: Arctigenin inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer through epithelial-mesenchymal transition via PI 3K/Akt/m TOR signaling pathway. P Lo S One. 2024;19(9):e 0308947. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308947 39331595 PMC 11432899 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
- 2Feng P, Zhu L, Jie J, Yang P, Sheng N, Chen X, et al. Cannabidiol inhibits invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer cells by reversing epithelial–mesenchymal transition through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2022;149(7):3587–98. doi: 10.1007/s 00432-022-04265-x 35960375 PMC 11797734 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
- 3Feng P, Zhu L, Jie J, Yang P, Sheng N, Chen X, et al. Correction: Cannabidiol inhibits invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer cells by reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2025;151(7):204. doi: 10.1007/s 00432-025-06252-4 40619498 PMC 12229955 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
- 4Li C, Gao S, Li X, Li C, Ma L. Procaine inhibits the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells through inactivation of the ERK/MAPK/FAK pathways by regulation of Rho A. Oncol Res. 2018;26(2):209–17. doi: 10.3727/096504017 X 14944585873622 28492141 PMC 7844744 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
- 5Office ORE. Retraction: Procaine inhibits the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells through inactivation of the ERK/MAPK/FAK pathways by regulation of Rho A. OR. 2025;33(4):991–991. doi: 10.32604/or.2024.056914 PMC 1196488840191720 · doi ↗ · pubmed ↗
