# We have the evidence but governments must now build the systems to deliver on hand hygiene

**Authors:** Joanna Esteves Mills, Bruce Gordon, Lindsay Denny, Ann Thomas, Arnold Oredola Cole, Andrea Lee-Llacer, Sophie Hickling, Alemu Kejela Ababu, Akosua Kwakye, Alyaa Mohamed, Aarin Palomares, Nathaniel Paynter, Om Prasad-Gautam, Siddhi Shrestha, Precious Kalubula, Bethany A Caruso, Matthew C Freeman, Marlene K Wolfe, Sudan Raj Panthi, Marysol Astrea Liwanag Balane, Jon Michael Villasenor, Kidist Bartolomeus, Anthony Eshofonie, Bonifacio Magtibay, Sory Bouare, Doussou Doumbia, Kachusha Nkosha, Rajit Ojha, Suzzy Abaidoo, Waltaji Kutane, Mahamane Toure, Issaka Sangare, Sanjani Limbu, Ahammadul Kabir, Seema Ranjouria, Doreen Mulemba, Suzan Alzubaidy, Olga Kokshagina, Leah Heiss, Elisabetta Minelli, Charles Nachinab, Oliver Cumming

PMC · DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2025-018930 · BMJ Global Health · 2025-09-16

## Abstract

10.1136/bmjgh-2025-018930.video016378904372112BMJ Journals Video Playerbmjgh2025018930media1

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** infectious diseases (MESH:D003141), skin and eye infections (MESH:D015817), trachoma (MESH:D014141), hookworm (MESH:D006725), diarrhoea (MESH:D003967), ascaris (MESH:D001196), acute respiratory infections (MESH:D012141), intestinal worm infections (MESH:D007410), deaths (MESH:D003643), Hand Hygiene (MESH:D006230)
- **Chemicals:** water (MESH:D014867), alcohol (MESH:D000438)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

_Full body text omitted from this summary view._ Fetch the complete paper as Markdown: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12834251/full.md

## References

13 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12834251/full.md

---
Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12834251