# Dual function antibody targeting αvβ3 and PD-L1 provide a promising strategy for solid tumor therapy

## TL;DR

A new dual-function antibody targeting both αvβ3 and PD-L1 shows strong potential for treating solid tumors by blocking immune evasion and tumor growth.

## Contribution

Development of a novel dual-function antibody that simultaneously targets αvβ3 and PD-L1 for enhanced anti-tumor efficacy.

## Key findings

- PD-L1 and αvβ3 gene expression is significantly correlated in human solid tumors.
- B1451 effectively blocks both PD-1/PD-L1 and vitronectin/αvβ3 pathways, inhibiting tumor cell migration and angiogenesis.
- B1451 demonstrated superior anti-tumor activity in vivo compared to monotherapy.

## Abstract

The inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has exhibited significant advancements in cancer immunotherapy, improving patient outcomes in various cancers. However, the clinical efficacy of these monotherapies remains limited in many cases. Integrin αvβ3 has been identified as a positive regulator of PD-L1 expression and a critical contributor to cancer immune evasion. To address this, we developed a dual function antibody, B1451, that recognizes both PD-L1 and αvβ3 and evaluated its antitumor efficacy in pre-clinical models in vitro and in vivo.

We first analyzed the correlation between PD-L1 and αvβ3 expression, as well as the role of αvβ3 in modulating sensitivity to immunotherapy, using the TISIDB database. Subsequently, we designed and constructed a dual function PD-L1×αvβ3 antibody (B1451) by conjugating an integrin αvβ3-binding peptide to the C-terminal of the heavy chain of the anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody, Atezolizumab, using a (G4S)×3 linker. The antitumor efficacy of B1451 was then evaluated in preclinical models in vitro and in vivo.

Our findings demonstrated a significant positive correlation between the gene expression of PD-L1 and αvβ3 across various human solid tumors. Additionally, high αvβ3 expression appears to influence the sensitivity to immunotherapy. The dual function antibody B1451 was capable of recognizing human PD-L1 and αvβ3 antigens, effectively blocking both the PD-1/PD-L1 and vitronectin/αvβ3 pathways. B1451 inhibited tumor cell migration, adhesion, and angiogenesis in vitro, and exhibited superior anti-tumor activity in vivo than monotherapy.

The dual function antibody targeting both αvβ3 and PD-L1 holds the potential to reverse immune evasion and exhibit synergistic anti-tumor effects, offering a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of solid tumor.