# Reliability and Validity of a Nepali Language Version of the Caregiver Knowledge of Child Development Inventory: A Mixed Method Study

## TL;DR

This study translated and validated a child development knowledge inventory for Nepali-speaking mothers of young children.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a culturally adapted Nepali version of the Caregiver Knowledge of Child Development Inventory (CKCDI-N).

## Key findings

- The CKCDI-N showed acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha values above 0.70.
- The updated model achieved a fair fit after correlating error terms in the confirmatory factor analysis.
- All items demonstrated acceptable validity with factor loadings over 0.50.

## Abstract

The term "child development" describes the changes a child goes through from birth to adulthood in terms of their physical, linguistic, cognitive, emotional, and other development. Parents, caretakers, and family all have an important effect on it, especially during the first two years. The study aims to translate and analyze the psychometric properties of the English version of the (Caregiver Knowledge of Child Development Inventory (CKCDI) into the Nepali version (CKCDI-N) for mothers of children under two years old.

This was a cross-section validation study carried out in Kageshwori Manohara Municipality from April 2024 to August 2024. Mothers with children under two years were randomly selected for the study. In first part tools were translated and cross-cultural adaptation was done by focused group discussion. This was followed by psychometric evaluation where Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were used.

The content validation indicated the use of a reliable test with a Cronbach alpha of 0.704 for developing skills and 0.705 for developmental stimulation. The original CFA model had poor fit, but the updated model had a fair fit after correlating seven error term pairs. Factor loadings were over 0.50 for every item, and the diagonal values representing AVE square roots were greater than other correlation values.

This reliability and validity of the Nepali Version of CKCDI-N showed that every item displayed as acceptable, and the internal consistency was also satisfactory.