# Encephalitis: a rare neurological manifestation of mpox-a narrative review

## TL;DR

This review discusses encephalitis as a rare but serious neurological complication of mpox that could be missed in general practice.

## Contribution

The paper highlights encephalitis as a rare neurological manifestation of mpox, emphasizing its potential to be overlooked.

## Key findings

- MPXV can cause severe neurological symptoms like encephalitis.
- Recent mpox cases show varied presentations, including asymptomatic and multi-system involvement.
- Encephalitis may be under-recognized in general practice due to its rarity.

## Abstract

The Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a re-emerging global health threat, and since January 2022, it has been reported in 127 Member States across all 6 WHO regions. The recent epidemics have seen a difference in the usual presentation of the disease, ranging from asymptomatic and undetected cases to affecting numerous organ systems. Moreover, MPXV has been shown to cause severe neurological symptoms such as seizures and encephalitis. Therefore, this review article focuses on the evidence-based available literature on mpox infections, highlighting and summarizing encephalitis as a rare neurological manifestation of the disease that may otherwise be overlooked in general practice.