# Iris RESTful Server and IrisTileSource: An Iris implementation for existing OpenSeaDragon viewers

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new server and tile source for efficiently streaming high-resolution whole-slide images in web-based pathology viewers.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is an open-source RESTful server and OpenSeaDragon TileSource for the Iris file format, enabling efficient WSI streaming.

## Key findings

- A single Raspberry Pi equivalent system can handle up to 5061 requests per second with low latency.
- The new TileSource allows immediate replacement of DZI images in WSI viewer stacks.
- The system is designed as a secure, scalable microservice with public deployment examples.

## Abstract

The Iris File Extension (IFE) is a low overhead performance-oriented whole-slide image (WSI) file format designed to improve the image rendering experience for pathologists and simplify image management for system administrators. However, static hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) file servers cannot natively stream subregions of high-resolution image files, such as the IFE. The majority of contemporary WSI viewer systems are designed as browser-based web applications and leverage OpenSeaDragon as the tile-based rendering framework. These systems convert WSI files to Deep Zoom Images (DZI) for compatibility with simple static HTTP file servers. To address this limitation, we have developed the Iris RESTful Server, a low-overhead HTTP server with a RESTful application programming interface (API) that is natively compatible with the DICOMweb WADO-RS API. Written in C++ with Boost Beast HTTP and Asio networking libraries atop the public IFE libraries, the server offers both security and high performance. Testing shows that a single Raspberry Pi equivalent system can handle a peak of 5061 req./s (average 3883 req./s) with a median latency of 21 ms on a private (i.e., hospital) network. We also developed and merged a new OpenSeaDragon TileSource, compatible with the Iris RESTful API, into the next OpenSeaDragon release, enabling simple and immediate drop-in replacement of DZI images within WSI viewer stacks. Designed as a secure cross-origin resource sharing microservice, this architecture includes detailed deployment instructions for new or existing WSI workflows, and the public examples.restful.irisdigitalpathology.org subdomain is provided as a development tool to accelerate WSI web viewer development. All relevant Iris software is available under the open-source MIT software license.