# Phthiriasis palpebrarum in a 7-year-old girl: a case report

## TL;DR

A 7-year-old girl was diagnosed with a rare eyelid lice infestation and successfully treated after initial misdiagnosis.

## Contribution

This case highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment of phthiriasis palpebrarum in children.

## Key findings

- Phthiriasis palpebrarum was confirmed via slit-lamp and microscopic examination.
- Tobramycin eye ointment facilitated full recovery after lice and nits were eradicated.
- Proper hygiene and cooperation are essential for treatment success in pediatric cases.

## Abstract

This case report presents a rare instance of phthiriasis palpebrarum in a 7-year-old female patient. The patient complained of bilateral eyelid pruritus and erythema lasting for 3 weeks. Slit-lamp examination revealed adult lice and nits adhering to the palpebral margins, and microscopic assessment confirmed the diagnosis of Pthirus pubis infestation. Following multiple treatment attempts, all lice and nits were successfully eliminated. With the application of tobramycin eye ointment, the patient achieved full recovery. Phthiriasis palpebrarum is an uncommon condition, especially in pediatric populations, and is frequently misdiagnosed as blepharitis. This case underscores the importance of meticulous clinical examination to prevent misdiagnosis. Complete eradication of lice and nits is critical for the effective management of phthiriasis palpebrarum. For pediatric patients, choosing an appropriate louse removal method is essential to ensure their cooperation during treatment. Furthermore, the patient's family should be provided with detailed guidance on proper hygiene practices to prevent reinfestation.