# Rotational cavitator: advances and applications in cavitation-enhanced technologies

## TL;DR

Rotational cavitators use controlled cavitation to enhance industrial processes like biofuel production and wastewater treatment with lower energy use.

## Contribution

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of rotational cavitators' fundamentals, cavitation characteristics, and diverse industrial applications.

## Key findings

- Rotational cavitators induce intense cavitation effects through high-speed rotation in liquid media.
- They enable energy-efficient process intensification in biofuel production, emulsification, and wastewater treatment.
- The review outlines current progress and future directions for rotational cavitation technologies.

## Abstract

Driven by the increasing demand for efficient, energy-saving and sustainable processing technologies, rotational cavitators have shown considerable promise across a range of industrial applications. By inducing intense shear forces and turbulent flow through high-speed rotation in liquid media, rotational cavitation enables strong cavitation effects under controlled conditions, thereby intensifying transport and reaction processes under lower energy input. This review systematically examines the fundamentals, cavitation characteristics and structural evolution of rotational cavitators, with a particular focus on their applications in biofuel production, droplet emulsification, food processing, wastewater treatment and other process intensification. The review comprehensively discusses the benefits of rotational cavitation in multiple application domains, outlines current research progress and emerging trends, and provides theoretical insights and practical guidance for future research and industrial implementation.