# Generation of vectorial generalized vortex array with metasurfaces

**Authors:** Qingsong Yao, Zile Li, Guoxing Zheng

PMC · DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02102-7 · 2026-01-22

## TL;DR

A new method uses metasurfaces to create complex light structures, offering control over polarization, phase, and spatial modes.

## Contribution

A novel technique combining Dammann optimization with metasurfaces to control all light parameters.

## Key findings

- Metasurfaces enable control over polarization, phase, angular momentum, and spatial modes of light.
- Three-dimensional generalized vortex beams can be generated using this technique.

## Abstract

The ability to create complex three-dimensional structures of light is extremely challenging. Now, a technique combining Dammann optimization with metasurfaces has been developed, enabling control over all parameters, including polarization, phase, angular momentum, and spatial modes. The generation of three-dimensional generalized vortex beams can open new horizons for their applications in photonics.

## Figures

1 figure with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12824371/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12824371