# Antibody-Based Therapeutics in Breast Cancer: Clinical and Translational Perspectives

## TL;DR

This paper reviews antibody-based treatments for breast cancer, highlighting their impact on different subtypes and future directions in precision oncology.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive review of current antibody-based therapies and their implications for personalized breast cancer treatment.

## Key findings

- Monoclonal antibodies like trastuzumab and pertuzumab are standard for HER2-positive breast cancer.
- Antibody–drug conjugates such as trastuzumab deruxtecan offer new therapeutic options for various subtypes.
- Bispecific antibodies show promise in overcoming resistance and enhancing immune responses.

## Abstract

Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Advances in antibody-based therapies have improved outcomes across all biological subtypes: HER2-positive, triple-negative, and luminal breast cancer. Monoclonal antibodies such as trastuzumab and pertuzumab have established HER2-targeted therapy as a standard of care, while immune checkpoint inhibitors have introduced immunotherapy into the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. The emergence of antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), including trastuzumab deruxtecan, sacituzumab govitecan, and datopotamab deruxtecan, has further expanded the available therapeutic options. Bispecific antibodies represent a new generation of agents with the potential to overcome resistance and enhance immune activation. Despite impressive progress, important challenges remain, including resistance mechanisms and the management of treatment-related toxicities. This review summarizes the biological rationale, clinical evidence, resistance mechanisms, and safety profiles of therapies based on monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and antibody–drug conjugates in breast cancer. The development of these treatment modalities fosters the implementation of personalized, immunologically informed treatment strategies that are redefining precision oncology in breast cancer.