# Experiences of Decision-Making in Healthcare and Online Health Information-Seeking Among Older Adults and People with Long-Term Disease: Online Survey Study

## TL;DR

This study explores how older adults and people with long-term conditions experience decision-making in healthcare and seek health information online.

## Contribution

The study provides insights into factors influencing shared decision-making and online health information-seeking behaviors in vulnerable populations.

## Key findings

- Most participants felt involved in clinical decisions, with a mean SDM-Q-9 score of 25.96/36.
- Longer appointment duration, higher education, and better health status were linked to greater perceived involvement.
- Nearly half of the participants did not seek online health information before appointments.

## Abstract

Healthcare decision-making (DM) has shifted from a paternalistic model to shared DM, where professionals contribute with clinical expertise and patients share their values and preferences. Simultaneously, access to online health information influences how patients engage in decisions concerning care. This study examined perceived DM experiences during doctor's appointments and online health information-seeking among older adults and individuals with long-term conditions. A total of 736 Finnish respondents (mean age 68 years) completed an online survey. The Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9-FIN) assessed involvement in clinical decisions. Most participants reported feeling involved, with a mean SDM-Q-9 score of 25.96/36. Longer appointment duration (β = .50, P < .001), higher education attainment, and better health status were positively associated with perceived involvement. Adherence to treatment also enhanced DM experiences. Nearly half (48.6%) did not seek online health information before appointments. Respondents from patient associations reported more frequent information-seeking. The findings suggest that adequate consultation time and tailored communication can enhance DM. Support should be prioritized for patients with lower health status or limited health literacy.