# Self-compassion in context: a reflexive thematic analysis of migrant domestic workers’ experiences in Singapore

## TL;DR

This study explores how migrant domestic workers in Singapore understand and practice self-compassion, highlighting the influence of cultural and structural factors on their mental well-being.

## Contribution

The study introduces a novel conceptualization of self-compassion among migrant domestic workers, emphasizing sociocultural and structural influences.

## Key findings

- Self-compassion is grounded in participants' self-worth and cultural identity.
- Structural and contextual conditions significantly shape the capacity for self-compassion.
- Participants enact self-compassion through everyday practices influenced by their lived experiences.

## Abstract

Migrant Domestic Workers (MDWs) face adverse living and working conditions that place them at a heightened risk of poor mental health outcomes. While prior research has examined MDWs’ coping strategies and resilience, little is known about how they understand and engage in self-compassion, an intrapersonal process strongly linked to mental well-being. This study aimed to examine how MDWs conceptualize self-compassion and the sociocultural factors that influence their capacity to practice it.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten female Filipino and Indonesian MDWs living in Singapore recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Three interrelated themes were generated: (1) grounding self-compassion in self-worth and identity, (2) contextual conditions shaping self-compassion, and (3) enacting self-compassion in everyday life. These themes illustrate the complex interplay between participants’ internalized self-perceptions, cultural narratives, and structural conditions that shape their engagement with self-compassion.

The findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of self-compassion in marginalized caregiving populations. They advocate for the need to address structural determinants of MDWs’ well-being and to develop culturally sensitive psychoeducation and interventions.