Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Small Ruminants of Punjab, Pakistan
Mughees Aizaz Alvi, Hong-Bin Yan, Rai Bahadur Kharl, Aliza Ali, Muhammad Zeeshan, Wan-Zhong Jia, Shanhui Ren, Xuelian Meng, Xueliang Zhu, Muzafar Ghafoor, Muhammad Saqib, Li Li, Yongxi Dou
TL;DR
This study found that Peste des Petits Ruminants virus is highly prevalent in Punjab, Pakistan, especially in goats, and identified risk factors like breed and sex.
Contribution
The study provides new insights into PPRV seroprevalence and risk factors in unvaccinated small ruminants in Punjab.
Findings
The overall seroprevalence of PPRV was 79.77%, with goats showing significantly higher rates than sheep.
Seroprevalence varied widely between districts, from 52.05% in Okara to 100% in Nankana.
Male sex, certain breeds, and age-sex interactions were associated with increased seropositivity.
Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease prevalent in sheep and goats, and causes significant economic losses. The study was conducted in 2024 in Punjab Province, Pakistan, to estimate the seroprevalence of the PPR virus (PPRV) and to analyze animal‐level risk factors in unvaccinated small ruminants. Over a 12‐month period, multistage random sampling provided 722 serum samples of sheep and goats aged 6 months or older, collected across six districts. The anti‐PPRV antibodies were detected using competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA), and species, age, sex, breed, parity, lactation status, pregnancy status, body condition score (BCS), and reproductive history were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. The overall seroprevalence rate was 79.77%, but significantly higher in goats (90.27%) than in sheep…
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Taxonomy
TopicsVirology and Viral Diseases · Poxvirus research and outbreaks · T-cell and Retrovirus Studies