# Advances in doubled haploid technology for rice breeding: mechanisms, applications, and future perspectives

## TL;DR

This paper reviews recent progress in using doubled haploid technology to speed up rice breeding by creating homozygous plants more efficiently.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in haploid inducer-based DH technology for rice breeding.

## Key findings

- DH technology significantly shortens the breeding cycle compared to conventional methods.
- Recent advances include high-efficiency haploid inducers and improved methods for haploid identification and chromosome doubling.
- The paper highlights ongoing challenges and future directions for DH technology in rice.

## Abstract

Production of homozygous inbred lines is crucial in rice breeding programs. Doubled haploid (DH) technology enables the efficient development of pure lines and significantly shortens the breeding cycle compared to conventional methods. This review summarizes recent advances in the four key steps of DH technology mediated by haploid inducers in rice: (1) exploration of haploid induction genes and development of high-efficiency haploid inducers, (2) rapid identification of haploids using molecular and morphological markers, (3) chromosome doubling of haploid plants through colchicine treatment, and (4) application of DH technology in rice breeding. Furthermore, current challenges and issues associated with each step are discussed. With ongoing advancements and the resolution of existing limitations, DH technology based on haploid inducers is anticipated to become a fundamental and widely adopted tool in rice breeding.