# Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Psychometric Validation of the Greek Version of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS)

## TL;DR

This study translated and validated the SCHNOS survey for Greek-speaking patients to assess nasal function and appearance after rhinoplasty.

## Contribution

The study provides a validated Greek version of the SCHNOS for use in clinical practice and research.

## Key findings

- The Greek SCHNOS showed excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
- Rhinoplasty patients scored significantly higher than controls, confirming discriminant validity.
- The survey is now available for assessing both functional and aesthetic outcomes in Greek-speaking populations.

## Abstract

Introduction: Reliable assessment of both functional and aesthetic outcomes is essential in rhinoplasty. The Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) is widely used internationally, but no validated Greek version was previously available. The objective of this prospective comparative observational study is to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the SCHNOS for Greek-speaking patients.

Methods: The SCHNOS underwent forward-backward translation, expert review, and pilot testing. A total of 49 participants were included (24 rhinoplasty patients and 25 controls). Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)), and discriminant validity (Mann-Whitney U test) were assessed.

Results: Internal consistency was excellent (SCHNOS-O α = 0.90; SCHNOS-C α = 0.98). Test-retest reliability was also excellent (ICC = 0.990 and 0.995). Rhinoplasty patients scored significantly higher on both subscales than controls (P < 0.001), confirming discriminant validity.

Conclusions: The Greek SCHNOS is a reliable and valid patient-reported measure for functional and aesthetic rhinoplasty outcomes.