# First Results for the Elemental Composition of Copaiba Oil Resin (Copaífera Spp.) from Flona Carajás By ICP–OES

## TL;DR

This study reports the first inorganic composition analysis of copaiba oil resin from the Amazon, using ICP–OES to support sustainable extraction.

## Contribution

The paper provides the first elemental profile of copaiba oil resin from FLONA Carajás using ICP–OES.

## Key findings

- Elemental concentrations ranged from 0.055 mg kg⁻¹ (Cd) to 2355.9 mg kg⁻¹ (Ca).
- Darker-colored samples correlated with higher concentrations of specific elements (r = 0.872–0.999).
- The ICP–OES method showed good precision with recoveries between 87.2% and 108.7%.

## Abstract

Copaiba oil resin is a rich source of bioactive compounds,
and
its extraction not only generates income for local communities but
also contributes to forest conservation and the regional bioeconomy.
In this study, the inorganic composition of copaiba oil resin obtained
in the Carajás National Forest (FLONA Carajás), in the
Brazilian Amazon, was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical
emission spectrometry (ICP–OES). Ten samples were digested
in a microwave oven using 5 mL of HNO3 (7 mol L–1) and 2 mL of H2O2 (30% m/m) and analyzed using
ICP–OES. The elements Al, As, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na,
Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Ti, and Zn were quantified, with concentrations ranging
from 0.055 mg kg–1 (Cd) to 2355.9 mg kg–1 (Ca). Recoveries obtained by the analyte addition method ranged
from 87.2% to 108.7%, indicating good precision and minimal matrix
effects. The Shapiro–Wilk test indicated that the data did
not follow a normal distribution, and Spearman’s correlation
analysis revealed significant positive correlations (r = 0.872–0.999) between darker-colored samples and higher
concentrations of specific elements. The method proved efficient for
quantifying the inorganic composition of copaiba oil resin. These
results provide the first report of the inorganic profile of copaiba
oil resin from FLONA Carajás and highlight the importance of
elemental characterization to support the sustainable extraction and
valorization of this nontimber forest product from the Amazon.