# Emerging neurotechnological approaches to management of sleep disturbances in Parkinson’s disease

## TL;DR

This paper explores new neurotechnological methods to manage sleep problems in Parkinson’s disease, which could help slow disease progression.

## Contribution

The paper introduces emerging neurotechnological approaches, such as neuromodulation and sleep tracking, to address sleep disturbances in Parkinson’s disease.

## Key findings

- Sleep disruption in Parkinson’s disease is linked to cognitive decline and disease progression.
- Neuromodulation techniques targeting deep sleep may offer therapeutic benefits for Parkinson’s patients.
- At-home EEG monitoring and CBT-I can be enhanced with sleep tracking technologies for personalized sleep management.

## Abstract

•Disrupted sleep architecture is a contributing factor to disease progression in Parkinson’s Disease (PD)•An unmet treatment need exists in the current clinical approach to the treatment of sleep dysfunction in PD.•Neurotechnological approaches offer novel therapeutic avenues for treatment of sleep disorders.•Targeted enhancement of deep sleep in PD may slow or ameliorate disease progression.

Disrupted sleep architecture is a contributing factor to disease progression in Parkinson’s Disease (PD)

An unmet treatment need exists in the current clinical approach to the treatment of sleep dysfunction in PD.

Neurotechnological approaches offer novel therapeutic avenues for treatment of sleep disorders.

Targeted enhancement of deep sleep in PD may slow or ameliorate disease progression.

Among non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), sleep disruption is highly prevalent and may be a target for emerging neurotechnological approaches to treatment. Neuroanatomical and chemical changes in PD significantly impact sleep regulation, affecting both REM and non-REM sleep stages. These disturbances contribute to cognitive decline and disease progression, underscoring the critical need for effective management strategies. Sleep-focused neurotechnological advancements offer promising avenues for enhancing treatment of PD. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) successfully addresses maladaptive sleep behaviors exacerbated by PD and may be further enhanced with the use of sleep tracking technologies. At-home EEG-based monitoring complements CBT-I by facilitating real-time adjustments and optimizations and provides insights into personalized sleep management strategies. Additionally, neuromodulation techniques using direct stimulation aim to restore deep sleep (N3) by targeting specific brain regions affected by PD-related neurodegeneration. This article reviews the presentation of sleep disturbances in PD, explores the potential role for physiological tracking and neuromodulation in treatment of PD, and explores the use of consumer technologies to support personalized sleep management for patients and clinicians.