# Environment and CVD: moving from Risk Prediction to Risk Management

**Authors:** Tasveer Khawaja, El Hussain Shamsa, Sanjay Rajagopalan

PMC · DOI: 10.1007/s11883-025-01375-y · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · 2026-01-13

## TL;DR

This paper discusses how environmental factors contribute to cardiovascular disease and suggests using AI to manage these risks effectively.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a framework for assessing and managing cardiovascular risks from environmental pollutants using AI.

## Key findings

- Environmental exposures contribute significantly to cardiovascular risk under the exposome paradigm.
- Artificial intelligence can help analyze and target high-risk individuals for intervention.
- Policy and individual actions can mitigate environmental cardiovascular risks.

## Abstract

We attempt to provide a framework for cardiovascular risk assessment related to environmental pollutants to enhance awareness of risk posed by environmental risk factors and highlight approaches for risk intervention.

Indisputable links between environmental exposures and cardiovascular outcomes exist. Although many of these relationships are well studied, such as air pollution, evidence continues to emerge regarding others, including noise, light, the built environment, and temperature.

When the totality of the impact from environmental exposures are considered under the paradigm of the exposome, their health impact and disease burden form a considerable part of mitigatable residual cardiovascular risk. This risk can be attenuated by policy and, to a lesser extent, individual level actions. By harnessing artificial intelligence, we can move to integrated risk exposure analysis and target those at the highest risk with interventions.

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** cardiovascular disease (MONDO:0004995)

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** insulin resistance (MESH:D007333), dehydration (MESH:D003681), endocrine dysregulation (MESH:D004700), Air Toxics (MESH:D004618), ischemic heart disease (MESH:D017202), CV disease (MESH:D002318), myocardial infarction (MESH:D009203), Atherosclerosis (MESH:D050197), deaths (MESH:D003643), carcinogenic (MESH:D011230), left ventricular hypertrophy (MESH:D017379), Hypertension (MESH:D006973), thrombotic (MESH:D013927), chronic diseases (MESH:D002908), impaired glucose tolerance (MESH:D018149), coronary artery disease (MESH:D003324), heart failure (MESH:D006333), cardiac arrest (MESH:D006323), cancers (MESH:D009369), Diabetes (MESH:D003920), endothelial dysfunction (MESH:D014652), morbidity (OMIM:614963), Noise (MESH:D014012), coronary heart disease (MESH:D003327), acute coronary syndrome (MESH:D054058), cardiometabolic disease (MESH:D024821), hyperlipidemia (MESH:D006949), inflammation (MESH:D007249), metabolic diseases (MESH:D008659), stroke (MESH:D020521), obesity (MESH:D009765), arrhythmias (MESH:D001145)
- **Chemicals:** PCB (MESH:D011078), phthalates (MESH:C032279), Arsenic5 (-), ozone (MESH:D010126), bisphenols (MESH:C543008), calcium (MESH:D002118), Cadmium (MESH:D002104), Arsenic (MESH:D001151), Lead (MESH:D007854), polysorbate 80 (MESH:D011136), lipid (MESH:D008055), carboxymethylcellulose (MESH:D002266), titanium dioxide (MESH:C009495), carbon (MESH:D002244), Nickel (MESH:D009532), saccharin (MESH:D012439), stainless steel (MESH:D013193), metalloid (MESH:D058955), zinc (MESH:D015032), acesulfame potassium (MESH:C006362), sucralose (MESH:C026285), Metals (MESH:D008670), BPA (MESH:C006780), fluorine (MESH:D005461), Water (MESH:D014867)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], gut metagenome (species) [taxon 749906], Nicotiana tabacum (American tobacco, species) [taxon 4097]

## Full text

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## Figures

4 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12799635/full.md

## References

18 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12799635/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12799635