Predictors of Caregiver Burden Among the Caregivers of Bedridden Patients in Muscat, Oman

TL;DR

This study examines the factors contributing to caregiver burden among those caring for bedridden patients in Muscat, Oman.

Contribution

The study identifies specific predictors of caregiver burden in a specific regional context.

Findings

39.9% of caregivers reported high burden, with an average Zarit score of 18.65.

Dependency in dressing was significantly associated with caregiver burden (P = 0.030).

Caregivers expressed significant needs for psychological support and training.

Abstract

Caring for bedridden patients is physically and emotionally demanding, often resulting in significant caregiver burden. This study aimed to assess caregiver burden and associated factors among caregivers of adult bedridden patients in Muscat, Oman.

This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2024 to February 2025 among caregivers of adult bedridden patients registered to get community services in Muscat Governorate and provided care for more than 1 month. Data were collected using the 12-item Zarit Burden Interview and the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living.

A total of 200 caregivers participated; 66% were female, with a mean age of 44 years and 58% were caring for a parent. Most patients (88%) had severe functional impairment. Overall, 39.9% of caregivers reported high burden, with an average Zarit burden score of 18.65. Dependency in dressing was significantly associated with caregiver burden (P = 0.030). An association was also found between caregiver marital status and their perception of patient health. Caregivers reported diverse support needs, including psychological support (62.5%), emergency response training (58%), rehabilitation programmes (54%) and access to blood sugar monitoring equipment (48.5%).

Caregiver burden was common in Muscat. Dressing dependency, caregiver marital status and perceptions of patient health contributed significantly to this burden. Targeted support is essential through clinical practice, caregiver education and health policy integration to reduce burden and improve caregiving outcomes.