# Experiences of Family Members Supporting Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study

## TL;DR

This study explores how family members support adults with type 1 diabetes, identifying key themes like knowledge-seeking and adapting support over time.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into the evolving role of family support for adults with type 1 diabetes through qualitative analysis.

## Key findings

- Family members often search for knowledge to navigate unfamiliar diabetes-related situations.
- Support strategies must adapt to the individual's needs and life circumstances over time.
- Educational interventions should involve families to help manage daily diabetes care effectively.

## Abstract

The purpose of the current study was to explore family members’ experiences of how to support an adult person with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

A qualitative descriptive study with thematic analysis was conducted in Sweden between 2020 and 2021. Interview transcripts were analyzed from 13 people who are a family member (≥18 years) of an adult with T1D, and inductive coding identified salient themes. Family members were recruited via social media, and their length of time as a family member to an individual with the T1D ranged between 3 and 38 years (median 24).

The analysis and coding identified 4 salient themes: (1) searching for knowledge in unfamiliar situations, (2) applying new knowledge in everyday life, (3) balancing support to fit need and situation, and (4) over time, the support role matures.

Families with members with T1D are complex, with relational and behavioral challenges arising as the members live their lives. Routines, habits, and unexpected events become especially challenging for families with a member with T1D. Because most self-care activities for adults are carried out within the family, directly involving family members in educational interventions is important. These interventions should include providing information about the symptoms and treatment for T1D, developing knowledge about how families can be affected, but also providing strategies for how families optimally implement necessary daily changes.