# Challenges and opportunities in the implementation of a new robotic system – a semi-structured interview study with a surgical team

## TL;DR

A new robotic surgical system was studied for its implementation challenges and benefits through interviews with a surgical team.

## Contribution

The study provides insights into the practical challenges and acceptance of a new robotic surgical system within an experienced surgical team.

## Key findings

- The new robotic system bridges the gap between conventional laparoscopy and existing robotic systems.
- Initial uncertainties about the new system can be overcome after completing the learning curve.
- The established robotic system remains the team's preferred choice despite the new system's potential.

## Abstract

Introduction: Implementing a new robotic system poses a major challenge for the entire surgical team. We accompanied this sensitive initial phase of implementing a new surgical system in a clinic at which a previously established robotic system is used regularly. Materials and methods: Eight semi-structured face-to-face and video-based interviews were conducted with the surgical team involved in the implementation of a new robotic system (3 surgeons, 2 anesthesiologists, 2 operating room (OR) nurses and the head of OR management) between February and April 2025. Results: The new robot system finds its niche in bridging the gap between conventional laparoscopy and the established robotic system, allowing the advantages of the robot to be exploited in a wide range of operations. Although the established robot is the undisputed favorite for all interviewees, no ethical concerns regarding patient safety were expressed at any time. However, the wider range of applications and many years of experience with the established system seem to make it difficult to surpass it. Conclusions: The implementation of a new surgical system poses enormous challenges for the entire surgical team. Initial uncertainties regarding its handling can be overcome once the learning curve has been completed. A new surgical system is usually a technical and economic advancement that will benefit the clinic and patients, and thus the entire healthcare sector. In conclusion, new surgical systems should be given a chance, as they offer many advantages once the learning curve has been completed. Subsequently they contribute to scientific, economic, and clinical progress.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11701-025-03097-4.