# Phase Formation of Multielement Nanoparticles from Immiscible Elements in Electrically Exploding Joint-Twisted Wires

## TL;DR

This study explores how multielement nanoparticles form from immiscible elements during an electrical explosion process.

## Contribution

The study reveals how element proportions and explosion conditions influence phase formation in multielement nanoparticles.

## Key findings

- Element proportions in nanoparticles differ from initial wire compositions due to non-synchronous explosions.
- Silver tends to enrich nanoparticle surfaces while other metals distribute homogeneously.
- Phase structures transition from BCC to FCC as silver proportion decreases.

## Abstract

This paper presents the experimental and computational results characterizing the phase formation of multielement nanoparticles synthesized by the electrically exploding joint-twisted wires. The joint-twisted wires with different element compositions are exploded to investigate the influence of immiscible elements on the phase states of the multielement nanoparticles. The element contents of the multielement nanoparticles deviate from their initial element proportions of the joint-twisted wires due to the non-synchronous exploding process. The silver element enriches the nanoparticle surface, while aluminum, iron, cobalt, and nickel elements show a homogeneous distribution within the nanoparticle. The phase segregation can be adjusted by changing the initial proportion of the silver element in the joint-twisted wires. The decrease in the proportion of silver in joint-twisted wires promotes the homogeneity of silver in the multielement nanoparticles with the phase structure transition from the BCC phase to the FCC phase. A molecular dynamics simulation suggests that both higher initial temperature and more uniform initial mixing conditions facilitate the homogeneous merging of all elements. This study helps with gaining a deep understanding of the phase formation of multielement nanoparticles synthesized by the electrically exploding joint-twisted wires.