# Effects of Chlorogenic Acid on Cellular Senescence in an In Vitro Model of 3T3-L1 Murine Adipocytes

## TL;DR

This study shows that chlorogenic acid can reduce cellular aging in fat cells, potentially offering a new dietary supplement to combat age-related metabolic issues.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is demonstrating chlorogenic acid's ability to alleviate adipocyte senescence through multiple molecular pathways.

## Key findings

- Chlorogenic acid restored Lamin B1 levels and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio in senescent adipocytes.
- It modulated p53, p21, and MAPK signaling while improving insulin signaling via the PI3K-AKT-GLUT4 axis.
- CGA reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and SASP factors linked to cellular senescence.

## Abstract

Cellular senescence is a stress-induced process that contributes to adipose tissue dysfunction by promoting inflammation, impaired adipogenesis, and insulin resistance, alterations that are closely associated with age-related cellular dysfunction and metabolic disorders. In this study, we evaluated the protective role of chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenol with known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, against oxidative stress-induced senescence in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The results obtained showed that CGA treatment significantly alleviated the senescent phenotype by restoring Lamin B1 levels and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Additionally, CGA downregulated key senescence-related cell cycle progression markers, modulating p53, p21, and MAPK signaling. CGA also restored insulin signaling through the PI3K-AKT-GLUT4 axis and improved glucose uptake, while attenuating oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine expression, and extracellular matrix remodeling factors associated with SASP. Collectively, these findings support the role of CGA as a promising senotherapeutic nutraceutical able to reduce adipocyte senescence and its metabolic consequences, offering novel insights for the development of dietary supplements targeting age-related cellular dysfunction.