# HTK Is a Viable UW Alternative for Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion of Liver Grafts Supporting a Single-Solution Protocol

## TL;DR

This study finds that HTK solution works as well as the more expensive UW solution for preserving liver grafts during machine perfusion, with similar outcomes and lower costs.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates HTK as a cost-effective and viable single-solution alternative to UW-MPS for hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion in liver transplants.

## Key findings

- HTK and UW-MPS showed comparable perfusion dynamics and vascular resistance in liver graft preservation.
- HTK use was associated with a trend toward fewer biliary complications and reduced hemodialysis requirements.
- Using HTK reduced perfusion-related costs by approximately EUR 560 per procedure.

## Abstract

Background and Aims: Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) improves outcomes in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), but reliance on University of Wisconsin machine perfusion solution (UW-MPS) increases costs and logistical burden. Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) has potential as a single-solution alternative for HOPE. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of HTK versus UW-MPS during HOPE. Methods: A retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study including 46 patients who received donation after brain death (DBD) grafts that were preserved with HOPE at the Medical University of Vienna between May 2018 and October 2024 was conducted. A total of 23 patients received grafts perfused with HTK; another 23 patients transplanted with organs perfused with UW-MPS were matched based on recipient age and sodium model of end-stage liver disease score, donor age and sex, cold ischemia time, and perfusion time. Postoperative outcomes, perfusion parameters, and cost differences were assessed. Results: The HTK and UW-MPS cohorts demonstrated comparable perfusion dynamics and vascular resistance. While arterial pressure and flow were higher in the UW-MPS group, clinical outcomes—including early allograft dysfunction (47.8% each), ICU stay, and comprehensive complication index—were statistically similar. A trend toward fewer biliary complications (13.0% vs. 30.4%) and reduced hemodialysis requirement (17.4% vs. 30.4%) was observed in the HTK group. Use of HTK reduced perfusion-related costs by approximately EUR 560 per procedure. Conclusion: HTK is a viable alternative to UW-MPS during HOPE in OLT of DBD grafts, offering comparable short-term outcomes and relevant cost savings. Prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings and explore broader applications of single-solution perfusion strategies.