# Comparison of the Effectiveness of Paper Strengthening with Gelatin, Klucel G, and Tylose Solutions in Combination with Deacidification Using Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles

## TL;DR

This paper compares methods to strengthen and deacidify historical paper using gelatin, Klucel G, and Tylose with magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles.

## Contribution

The study introduces a comparative analysis of three paper strengthening agents combined with magnesium hydroxide nanoparticle deacidification.

## Key findings

- Tylose provided the greatest increase in paper strength, followed by gelatin and Klucel G.
- Klucel G-treated papers showed the best dimensional stability.
- Gelatin-treated papers exhibited the most significant changes in optical properties.

## Abstract

The manuscript concerns modern methods of preserving historical papers and presents research focusing on the effectiveness of paper strengthening with gelatin, Klucel G, and Tylose solutions in combination with deacidification using magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles. The aim of these procedures is to extend the durability of historical records on papers, which are an important part of humanity’s cultural heritage. Gelatin and Klucel G dissolved in propyl alcohol were used simultaneously with the dispersion of Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles, and Tylose dissolved in water was applied after deacidification in a separate step. The experiments were conducted on Whatman model papers, artificially acidified or covered with iron gall ink. The evaluation of the effectiveness was based on tests of breaking length, changes in the DPvisc of cellulose, and pH of the aqueous extracts. Additional information was provided by microscopic examinations (SEM-EDX-SE) and measurements of the optical properties of the tested papers before and after the application of strengthening agents. All the strengthening agents tested increased paper strength—Tylose to the greatest extent, followed by Gelatin, and Klucel G to the least extent. Model papers covered with Klucel G showed good dimensional stability. Gelatin-covered papers showed the greatest changes in optical properties.