# Social Skills and Peer Relationships as Serial Mediators Between Mindfulness and Spiritual Well-Being in Adolescence

## TL;DR

This study shows that mindfulness improves spiritual well-being in adolescents by enhancing their social skills and peer relationships.

## Contribution

The study introduces a serial mediation model linking mindfulness to spiritual well-being through social skills and peer relationships.

## Key findings

- Mindfulness is positively associated with spiritual well-being in adolescents.
- Social skills and peer relationships each mediate the relationship between mindfulness and spiritual well-being.
- The combined serial mediation of social skills and peer relationships is statistically significant.

## Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the mediating roles of social skills and peer relationships in the association between mindfulness and spiritual well-being (SWB) among adolescents. Drawing on the mindfulness-to-meaning theory, the research sought to clarify how mindfulness supports adolescents’ spiritual well-being through social and relational mechanisms. Method: A correlational research design was employed with a sample of 761 adolescents attending high schools in Türkiye. Data were collected using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Social Skills Scale, Peer Relations Scale, and the Three-Factor Spiritual Well-Being Scale. The hypothesized serial mediation model was tested using PROCESS Macro Model 6 with 5000 bootstrap samples. Results: Mindfulness was positively associated with SWB. Both social skills and peer relationships showed significant mediating effects. The serial indirect effect through social skills and peer relationships was also significant. Conclusions: Findings highlight mindfulness as a key psychosocial resource that enhances adolescents’ spiritual well-being through improved social skills and supportive peer relationships. School-based mindfulness programs should integrate peer interaction and social skills components to promote adolescents’ holistic development.