# Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Immune Response in Chronic Endometritis Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

## TL;DR

This study examines the immune response in endometrial tissue affected by Chlamydia trachomatis infection, revealing key inflammatory markers and cell types involved.

## Contribution

The study provides a detailed immunohistochemical characterization of immune cell infiltration in chronic endometritis caused by C. trachomatis.

## Key findings

- Edematous tissue with hemorrhage was observed in biopsies from C. trachomatis-infected women.
- Increased presence of plasma cells, T lymphocytes (CD4 and CD8), B lymphocytes, NK cells, and macrophages was detected.
- The findings enhance understanding of the histopathological features and immune response in chronic endometritis.

## Abstract

In 2020, 128.5 million new chlamydia infections were reported worldwide in adults aged 15–49 years. Notably, the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnant women varies between 2% and 35%, correlating with increased risks of low birth weight, preterm birth, and neonatal death. C. trachomatis is a leading preventable cause of miscarriage. Recurrent first-trimester pregnancy loss can be induced by asymptomatic chlamydia infection through the immune response. In this study, we performed immunohistochemical characterization of the immune response in endometrial tissue biopsies from women diagnosed with chronic endometritis caused by C. trachomatis. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for histological evaluation of endometrial biopsies, and immunohistochemical detection was performed for the following markers: CD138, CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD56, and CD68. As a result, we observed the presence of edematous tissue with hemorrhage; we also observed a heightened inflammatory response with the presence of plasma cells, CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, NK cells, and macrophages. The findings described here can help better understand the disease and its histopathological diagnosis.