Impact of white matter hyperintensities on disease progression in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy‐Richardson syndrome

TL;DR

This study explores how white matter hyperintensities and cardiovascular risk affect disease progression in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Richardson syndrome.

Contribution

It identifies a novel interaction between white matter lesion volume and cardiovascular risk in predicting disease severity in PSP-RS.

Findings

White matter lesion volume increased over time in PSP-RS patients.

Both lesion volume and cardiovascular risk score are independently associated with disease progression.

The combined effect of lesion volume and cardiovascular risk slightly reduces the predicted disease progression.

Abstract

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are recognized as neuroimaging biomarkers of cerebral small vessel disease; however, their clinical significance in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy‐Richardson syndrome (PSP‐RS) is poorly understood.

125 PSP‐RS patients from the Tilavonemab (ABBV‐8E12) clinical trial were assessed for disease severity using the PSP Rating Scale (PSPRS) at baseline and week 24. A PSPRS change index was calculated for week 24. WMH lesions were segmented on MRI FLAIR images using the Lesion Segmentation Tool and the total lesion volume (TLV) was calculated at baseline and week 24. The non‐laboratory Framingham Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score (FRS) was calculated in 99 patients. A linear mixed‐effect model for repeated measures was used to analyzed the TLV across the two time points. A multiple linear regression analyses was performed to analyze the association between baseline TLV, FRS, and their interaction in predicting the PSPRS change index. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex and disease duration.

Mean age of the 125 PSP‐RS patients: 68.7 (49‐86) years, 51 females (40.8%). There was an increase of the TLV (B=0.09, 95% Confidence Intervals (CI):0.04‐0.13, p <0.001; mean±SD: 8.46±10.20 vs 9.38±10.60 ml) across time. Mean age of the 99 PSP‐RS patients with FRS: 66.8 (49‐74) years, 43 females (43.4%). Mean FRS: 20.6 ± 8.3%. A significant relationship was found between the TLV and the PSPRS change index (B=0.08, CI:0.01‐0.15, p = 0.02) and between the FRS and the PSPRS change index (B=0.11, CI:0.01‐0.21, p = 0.03). TLV*FRS shows a significant negative association with the PSPRS change index (B=‐0.01, CI:‐0.01‐ 0.00, p = 0.02).

TLV increased over time in PSP‐RS patients. For each 1 ml increase in TLV, the PSPRS change score increased by 0.11, and for each 1% increase in FRS, the PSPRS change score increased by 0.08. However, the increase must be adjusted for the combined effect, i.e., when both FRS and TLV are present, the increase is slightly smaller than the sum of their individual effects.

*Based on research using data from AbbVie that has been made available through Vivli, Inc. Vivli has not contributed to or approved, and is not in any way responsible for, the contents of this publication.