# Progress in Immunotherapy for Pulmonary Lymphoepithelioma Carcinoma

## TL;DR

This paper reviews progress in immunotherapy for a rare type of lung cancer called pulmonary lymphoepithelioma carcinoma, focusing on treatment outcomes and challenges.

## Contribution

The paper provides a systematic review of clinical evidence and mechanisms of immunotherapy in PLEC, highlighting gaps and future directions.

## Key findings

- Immune checkpoint inhibitors show clinical efficacy and safety in advanced and operable PLEC patients.
- Combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy improve survival in advanced PLEC.
- Neo-adjuvant immunotherapy offers new options for operable PLEC patients.

## Abstract

肺淋巴上皮癌（pulmonary lymphoepithelioma carcinoma, PLEC）是一种罕见的与EB病毒（Epstein-Barr virus, EBV）高度相关的非小细胞肺癌亚型。目前晚期PLEC仍缺乏标准治疗方案，主要依赖以铂类为基础的化疗及放疗。近年来，随着对PLEC独特的病理特征与免疫微环境认识的深入，免疫检查点抑制剂（immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs）在晚期及可手术切除PLEC患者中展现了良好的临床疗效与安全性，尤其是化疗联合免疫治疗在晚期患者中显著改善了生存，新辅助免疫治疗也为可切除患者提供了降期及改善预后的新选择。然而，PLEC的罕见性限制了大规模前瞻性研究的开展，现有证据多源于回顾性分析，且免疫治疗的疗效预测生物标志物、免疫机制及最佳联合策略等关键问题仍有待阐明。本文系统综述了PLEC免疫治疗的现有临床证据、分子机制与免疫微环境特征，并对当前面临的挑战与未来的研究方向进行展望。

Previous literature on PLEC immunotherapy