# Retraction: Metformin attenuates osteoclast-mediated abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and alleviates osteoarthritis via AMPK/NF-κB/ERK signaling pathway

PMC · DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0340042 · PLOS One · 2026-01-08

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** MAPK1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1) [NCBI Gene 5594] {aka ERK, ERK-2, ERK2, ERT1, MAPK2, NS13}, NFKB1 (nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1) [NCBI Gene 4790] {aka CVID12, EBP-1, KBF1, NF-kB, NF-kB1, NF-kappa-B1}, PRKAA2 (protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2) [NCBI Gene 5563] {aka AMPK, AMPK2, AMPKa2, PRKAA}
- **Diseases:** osteoarthritis (MESH:D010003)
- **Chemicals:** Metformin (MESH:D008687)

## Full text

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## References

4 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12782360/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12782360