Impact of prehabilitation on patient-perceived quality of recovery after surgery: prospective cohort study

TL;DR

A study found that prehabilitation before surgery improves patients' recovery experience and reduces complications.

Contribution

This study demonstrates that multimodal prehabilitation enhances patient-reported recovery and reduces complications after surgery.

Findings

Patients who completed prehabilitation had fewer postoperative complications than those who did not.

Prehabilitation patients had significantly higher Quality of Recovery-15 scores at baseline, discharge, and 30 days post-discharge.

At 30 days after discharge, 66% of prehabilitation patients recovered essential activities compared to 35% in the control group.

Abstract

Multimodal prehabilitation has the potential to reduce complications, shorten hospital stays, and decrease healthcare resource utilization. However, its impact on patient-centred outcomes, such as patient reported-outcomes, has been less extensively studied. This study assessed the effect of multimodal prehabilitation on patient-perceived quality of recovery following elective surgery.

This was a prospective cohort study of patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery between 1 February 2024 and 28 February 2025 who met institutional criteria for prehabilitation. Outcomes, including comparing postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and perceived recovery, were compared between patients who completed the prehabilitation program and those who did not (control cohort). The primary outcome measure was the Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) questionnaire score.

In all, 188 patients were included in the study. The 94 patients who completed the prehabilitation program over a mean(standard deviation) of 4.5(1.6) weeks had fewer postoperative complications per patient than did patients in the control group (mean(standard deviation) 1.0(1.4) versus 1.4(1.4); P = 0.008). In addition, mean(standard deviation) QoR-15 scores were significantly higher in the prehabilitation than control group at baseline (129.5(15.0) versus 122.9(17.0); P = 0.003), discharge (117.2(14.0) versus 106.8(15.0); P < 0.001), and 30 days after discharge (128.2(16.0) versus 118.5(14.0); P < 0.001). At 30 days after discharge, 66% of patients in the prehabilitation group had recovered all three pre-identified essential activities, compared with 35% in the control group (P = 0.001).

The findings suggest that prehabilitation not only reduces postoperative morbidity and facilitates physical recovery but also enhances patients’ subjective experience of recovery throughout the surgical journey, supporting its integration into routine perioperative care for digestive surgery.

This prospective cohort study evaluated the impact of multimodal prehabilitation on patient-perceived recovery after digestive surgery. Patients undergoing prehabilitation had significantly higher Quality of Recovery-15 questionnaire scores and fewer postoperative complications. The findings suggest that prehabilitation improves both clinical outcomes and the overall recovery experience, even in patients who experience postoperative complications.

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