# Assessment of Remineralization Treatment on Primary Enamel’s Microhardness and Mineral Composition Post Iron Drop Interaction

## TL;DR

This study examines how iron exposure affects primary tooth enamel and how different treatments can help restore its hardness and mineral content.

## Contribution

The study evaluates the effectiveness of three remineralizing agents on primary enamel after iron exposure using in vitro methods.

## Key findings

- Iron drop exposure significantly decreased enamel microhardness.
- Remineralizing agents significantly increased microhardness and mineral content.
- No significant difference was found between the three remineralizing agents in enhancing microhardness.

## Abstract

This study assessed the effects of remineralizing agents on microhardness and mineral content of primary enamel following iron drop exposure.

In this in vitro study, 36 sound primary anterior teeth were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 9) of (I) casein phosphopeptide‐amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP‐ACP), (II) fluoride varnish, (III) MI varnish, and (IV) control. The microhardness of specimens was initially measured by a Vickers hardness tester. The specimens were immersed in iron drop solution in a shaker incubator at 37°C for 5 min. They were then rinsed with distilled water, and their microhardness was measured again. The teeth were subsequently split in half. The buccal halves were exposed to the remineralizing agents for 4 h, rinsed with distilled water, and immersed in artificial saliva for 24 h. They were then immersed in a demineralizing solution for 6 h, followed by a remineralizing solution for 18 h at 37°C for 10 days. The final microhardness was measured again. The buccal and lingual halves underwent energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy for mineral content analysis. Data were analyzed by one‐way ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 0.05).

Iron drop exposure significantly decreased, and remineralizing agents significantly increased the microhardness (both p  < 0.001). The three remineralizing agents had no significant difference in enhancement of microhardness (p = 0.493). The four groups had significant differences in Ca, F, and Fe contents after the intervention (p  < 0.05).

Iron drop exposure decreased, and remineralizing agents increased the microhardness and mineral content of primary enamel under in vitro conditions.