# Neutrophil Plasticity and NETosis in Tumour Microenvironment: Tumour Evolution and Therapy Resistance

## TL;DR

This review explores how neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the tumor environment affect cancer progression and treatment resistance.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of NETosis in tumor evolution and therapy resistance.

## Key findings

- NETs are linked to cancer progression and metastasis through their presence in the tumor microenvironment.
- NETosis modulates immune surveillance, aiding tumor immune evasion.
- Tumor-associated neutrophils and NETs contribute to resistance against cancer therapies.

## Abstract

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web‐like formations consisting of DNA‐histone complexes and associated proteins released from activated neutrophils. While NET formation plays an important role in innate immunity, it is also associated with the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Research suggests that NETosis (the process of NET formation) may contribute to the progression of cancer and the spread of malignant tumours. A clear link exists between the accumulation of neutrophils in the tumour microenvironment (TME), known as tumour‐associated neutrophils (TANs) and NETosis activation in both primary and metastatic tumours. Furthermore, the literature highlights the role of NETs in modulating immune surveillance within the TME. This review aims to analyse the interplay between NETosis and the TME, emphasising its implications for tumour progression, immune evasion and resistance to therapy.