# Prognostic significance of multinucleated giant cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective clinicopathological study

## TL;DR

This study explores how multinucleated giant cells in oral cancer may be linked to better survival outcomes and earlier cancer stages.

## Contribution

The study identifies multinucleated giant cells as potential prognostic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

## Key findings

- 34 out of 100 OSCC cases showed MGCs, with 21 patients alive at follow-up.
- MGCs correlated with earlier tumor stages and better prognostic scores.
- Alveolar mucosa SCC with MGCs showed poor survival despite favorable scores.

## Abstract

Multinucleated Giant Cells (MGCs) are akin to immune cells that play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment. The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of MGCs in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) through comprehensive analysis of their presence, localization, and correlation with survival outcomes.

To determine whether the presence and distribution of MGCs in OSCC correlates with tumor stage, histopathological features, and overall survival, thereby assessing their potential prognostic value.

100 proven cases of OSCC were retrieved with complete clinicopathological data. Haematoxylin-eosin sections were reviewed independently by three pathologists and grouped into two, with and without MGCs. The distribution, and average number of MGCs per 5HPF per case were examined. All clinicopathological parameters and prognosis based on Bryne's grading were compared between groups. The overall survival with follow-up period of >36 months was analyzed.

34 cases with MGCs were found, out of which 21 patients are alive. Cases with MGCs had pTNM stage III whereas majority of cases without MGC's had stage IV. Significant correlation was found for lympho-vascular invasion only. Cases with MGC's showed good prognostic score according to Bryne's grading, while without MGC's showed moderate to poor prognostic score. Cases of alveolar mucosa, including gingiva and ridge SCC with MGCs, showed poor survival.

This study highlights the potential role of MGCs in OSCC, suggesting an association with earlier tumor stages and favorable prognostic scores. Further research is needed to assess their prognostic and therapeutic relevance.