Critical Care Nurses' Perceptions and Experiences of the Organ Donation Process: A Systematic Review

TL;DR

This study explores how critical care nurses feel and experience the organ donation process, highlighting the need for better training and support.

Contribution

The study systematically reviews and interprets nurses' qualitative experiences and challenges in the organ donation process.

Findings

Nurses often lack knowledge about organ donation, leading to stress and uncertainty.

The work environment and interactions with families create additional challenges for nurses.

Improved education and emotional support are needed to enhance the organ donation process.

Abstract

To describe critical care nurses' perceptions and experiences of the organ donation process.

A systematic review with a literature search in CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO was conducted between 2009–2024 and reported by the PRISMA guidelines. 14 qualitative studies were assessed for relevance and methodological quality. Data were extracted by two of the researchers. A quality appraisal was performed according to a review template, first individually and then discussed in the research group. The analysis followed an interpretative synthesis, in three steps: coding, developing descriptive themes and generating analytical themes.

Four themes were identified: lack of knowledge, work environment, meeting with relatives and nurse's challenges. The nurses described that caring for a potential organ donor was complex. The nurses' general lack of knowledge about organ donation led to stress and feelings of uncertainty, which in turn created limitations in the donation process. Nurses identified several challenges with the organ donation process.

The staff found the organ donation process challenging on various levels. There was a significant need for crisis processing for all professionals involved in the donation process.

Addressing the knowledge gap through clear guidelines and internal training to enhance the organ donation process. Providing time for debriefing can help manage strain on professionals.

This study highlights the critical need for improved education and emotional support for critical care nurses. Implementing these changes can lead to more efficient and compassionate organ donation processes.

Figures