Resolving the Interference of Anti‐CD38 Antibodies on Blood Compatibility Assays Using CD38 “Baitbodies” Approach
Dianne Celine Gnann, Stephan Steinke, Hendrikus S. P. Garritsen, Michael Hust
TL;DR
This paper introduces a new method to prevent false blood compatibility test results caused by anti-CD38 antibodies used in cancer treatment.
Contribution
The novel CD38 'baitbody' Fc-fusion construct neutralizes anti-CD38 antibodies to avoid false positives in blood compatibility assays.
Findings
CD38-mFc baitbody neutralized anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies in spiked samples.
The baitbody enabled detection of Rhesus, Kell, and Duffy alloantibodies without interference.
CD38-mFc outperformed commercial reagents in mitigating anti-CD38 interference.
Abstract
Blood transfusion safety depends on swift blood compatibility testing. Alloantibodies recognizing these blood group antigens determine blood compatibility, and the transfusion of incompatible blood can lead to life‐threatening hemolytic transfusion reactions. Recently, the landscape of blood compatibility testing has been complicated due to the interference caused by therapeutic antibodies targeting CD38, a key target in cancer immunotherapy that is also expressed on red blood cells. The presence of anti‐CD38 antibodies in blood samples has been found to bind to test or donor red blood cells, resulting in false positive tests. This interference poses a serious risk as it can potentially mask immunogenic alloantibodies and cause delays in supplying safe blood products. We present the development and application of fragment crystallizable (Fc)‐fusion constructs, referred to as…
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Taxonomy
TopicsBlood groups and transfusion · Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods · Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research