Sense of Purpose in Caregiving: The Buffering Effect on Caregiver Burden

TL;DR

This study shows that feeling a sense of purpose while caregiving can reduce the negative effects of caregiver burden on quality of life.

Contribution

The novel contribution is identifying sense of purpose as a buffer against caregiver burden's impact on quality of life.

Findings

Higher caregiver burden was significantly linked to lower quality of life.

A strong sense of purpose reduced the negative impact of caregiver burden on quality of life.

Hours spent caregiving had no significant association with quality of life.

Abstract

While research has predominately focused on the negative consequences of caregiving for health and well-being, less attention has been paid to the positive outcomes of caregiving. One such benefit may be the sense of purpose individuals obtain from their caregiver role. Drawing on the stress process model, this research asks two main questions: Do caregiver burden and hours spent caregiving contribute to lower perceived quality of life? If yes, does sense of purpose derived from caregiving play a moderating role in these associations? This study utilizes a sample of 53 informal caregivers to patients with chronic illnesses recruited through electronic health records. The average age of respondents was 57 years (range: 23-75), with the majority of respondents providing care to a spouse/partner (58%), followed by an aging parent (32%). Close to one-third of respondents (32%) “nearly always” felt that their life had more of a purpose since they began providing care, compared to 38% of respondents who “never” or “rarely” felt this way. Findings from linear regression models adjusting for demographic characteristics show that higher caregiver burden was significantly associated with lower quality of life (p < 0.001); however, the impact of caregiver burden was lessened among respondents who found purpose in caregiving (p < 0.01). No association was found for hours spent caregiving. This study demonstrates the importance of sense of purpose as a resource for informal caregivers, particularly those experiencing high levels of perceived burden, and could help lead to targeted interventions aimed at improving caregiver quality of life.