# Care Dynamics of Puerto Rico’s Older Adults: Dementia, Caregiving, Mental Health, and Outmigration

## TL;DR

This paper explores the health and care challenges of older adults in Puerto Rico, focusing on dementia, caregiving, mental health, and outmigration.

## Contribution

The study provides novel insights into the interplay of mental health, dementia, caregiving, and social support in Puerto Rico’s aging population.

## Key findings

- Older adults in Puerto Rico have higher rates of diabetes, heart disease, dementia, and depressive symptoms compared to the US mainland.
- Lower federal funding in Puerto Rico may limit access to quality care for older adults and impact caregiver well-being.
- Five presentations will explore dementia prevalence, caregiving burdens, and the role of social support in mental health.

## Abstract

Puerto Rico is experiencing a rapidly aging population due to outmigration and other demographic changes. Older adults in Puerto Rico have a high prevalence of chronic conditions including higher rates of diabetes, heart disease, dementia and depressive symptoms compared to older adults in the US mainland (CDC, 2020). However, compared to the US mainland, Puerto Rico receives lower funding from federal programs including Medicare and Medicaid, which may limit access to quality care, services and support for older adults. This may also impact the health and well-being of caregivers. Understanding the complex relationships between mental health, dementia, caregiving, and social support among older Puerto Rican adults is needed to guide interventions to improve health and well-being of older adults and caregivers. This symposium will feature 5 presentations using various comprehensive datasets including rich demographic and clinical information that provide novel insights and deeper understanding about health and care dynamics faced by older adults in Puerto Rico. Individual presentations will examine: 1) The Prevalence of Alzheimer’s And Related Dementia Among Medicare Advantage Enrollees in Puerto Rico; 2) The Role of Subjective Memory in the Link Between Chronic Pain, Cognitive Decline, and Depressive Symptoms In Older Puerto Rican Adults; 3) Depressive Symptoms in Dementia Caregivers in Puerto Rico: The Role of Caregiver Burden and Symptoms of Dementia; 4) The Association between Social Support and Mental Health-Related Quality of Life among Older Adults in Puerto Rico; and 5) Dementia Diagnosis and Outmigration of Older Puerto Rican Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries.